Publication in the Diário da República: Despacho n.º 7795/2021 - 09/08/2021
6 ECTS; 2º Ano, 2º Semestre, 28,0 T + 42,0 PL , Cód. 911222.
Lecturer
- Ana Cristina Barata Pires Lopes (1)(2)
(1) Docente Responsável
(2) Docente que lecciona
Prerequisites
N.A.
Objectives
The students shall:
1. Handle different types of hardware and their constraints;
2. Specify events and constraints in production and industrial manufacturing systems;
3. Specify control algorithms using formal methods (Grafcet);
4. Program PLCs.
Program
1. Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs)
1.1. History
1.2. Functions
1.3. Architecture
1.3.1. Basic components
1.3.2. CPU, I/O Modules, Bus, PSU
1.4. I/O Signal Processing
1.4.1. I/O Image
1.5. Scan Cycle
1.5.1. Scan Cycle Phases
1.6. PLCs to be used S7-1200
1.6.1. Physical characteristics
1.6.2. Memory limits and zones
1.6.3. Programming blocks
1.7. Memory Management
1.7.1. Memory Zones
1.7.2. Addressing
1.7.2.1. Absolute
1.7.2.2. Symbolic
1.7.2.3. Overlay
1.7.3. Simple data types
1.7.4. Complex data types
1.8. Programming Software
1.9. Programming Blocks
1.9.1. Organization Blocks (OB)
1.9.1.1. Cyclic
1.9.1.2. Startup
1.9.1.3. Interrupts
1.9.1.3.1. Different types of interrupts
1.9.2. Function Blocks (FB)
1.9.3. Functions (FC)
1.9.4. Data Blocks (DB)
2. PLC Programming Languages
2.1. Ladder Diagram (LADDER)
2.2. Function Block Diagram (FBD)
2.3. Structured Control Language (SCL)
3. LADDER Language
3.1. Programming Loop Concept
3.2. Parallel and Serial Constructs
3.3. Bit Logic Instructions
3.3.1. Contacts
3.3.2. Negation
3.3.3. Outputs
3.4. Set and Reset
3.5. Rising and Falling Edge Capture
3.6. Timers
3.6.1. Delay
3.6.2. Pulse
3.6.3. Limit
3.6.4. Retentive
3.6.5. Specific Constructs
3.6.5.1. Self-starting
3.6.5.2. Pulse Train Generators
3.7. Counters
3.7.1. Up and Down Counters
3.7.2. Hybrid Counters
3.8. Comparison Instructions
3.8.1. Values (Equality Operators)
3.8.2. Range (IN and OUT RANGE)
3.8.3. Validation
3.9. Mathematical Instructions
3.9.1. Basic Operations
3.9.2. Complex Expressions
3.9.3. Integer Division
3.9.4. Complement
3.9.5. Increment and Decrement
3.9.6. Absolute Value
3.10. Transfer Instructions
3.10.1. Simple Transfers
3.10.2. Block Transfers
3.11. Conversion
3.12. Program Control
3.12.1. Simple Jump
3.12.2. Jump List
3.12.3. Stop
3.13. Rotation and Shift
3.14. Logical Instructions in Memory Units
4. Grafcet
4.1. GRAFCET Symbolism
4.2. Basic GRAFCET Rules
4.3. Initialization
4.4. Validation
4.5. Transition Triggering
4.6. Actions
4.6.1. Simple Actions
4.6.2. Conditional Actions
4.6.3. Timed Actions
4.6.4. Set and Reset
4.7. Representation of Simultaneous and Alternative Sequences
4.8. Process Cooperation
4.9. Synchronization
4.10. Resource Sharing
4.11. Subtasks
4.12. Converting GRAFCET Programs to Automaton Language General Step Equation
5. Complex Data
5.1. Arrays
5.1.1. Creation
5.1.2. Index Usage
5.2. Structures
5.3. Character Strings
5.4. User-Defined Data
5.5. Stacks
5.5.1. Data Extraction
5.5.2. LIFO
5.5.3. FIFO
6. Point-to-Point Communication Between PLCs
6.1. Information Transmission
6.1.1. Concepts and Strategies
6.2. Open Protocols (PROFINET)
6.2.1. Functions
6.2.1.1. Connection
6.2.1.2. Disconnection
6.2.1.3. Sending
6.2.1.4. Receiving
6.2.1.5. Connection and Sending
6.2.1.6. Connection and Receiving
6.3. Proprietary Protocols
6.3.1. Functions
6.3.1.1. GET
6.3.1.2. PUT
6.4. Communication Between PLCs and PCs
Evaluation Methodology
- Written assessment = 10 points;
- Laboratory assessment = 10 points;
- Assignment on communication services = 2 points. This assignment is optional and, if completed, exempts students from the written assessment component on the topic "Communication services in PLCs";
Minimum grade for approval in the course unit - as per the Academic Regulation of the Schools of the Polytechnic Institute of Tomar, in force at the time of completing the FUC.
Bibliography
(2000). Programmable Logic Controllers. (Vol. 1). US: Prentice-Hall
(2003). Simatic, S7-200 Programmable Controller.. (Vol. 1). Alemanha: Siemens
(2008). Programação de Autómatos, Método GRAFCET. (Vol. 1). Portugal: Fundação Calouste
Teaching Method
Theoretical classes where the studied methods are described and exemplified, theoretical-practical classes with application exercises, and laboratory practices.
Software used in class
TIA Portal v16 - Siemens A.G.
SoftEther VPN
